1.1 Microorganisms attach to surfaces and grow, forming communities that are called biofilms. In addition to microorganisms, biofilms may contain the by-products of microbial growth ( that is, polysaccharides, enzymes, etc.), inorganic ions (that is, Mg, Ca, Fe, etc.) and organic materials (that is, oil, exudates from plants or animals, etc.). Biofilms may be found in many places, including on cooling system equipment ( that is, cooling towers, heat exchangers, etc.), water and oil pipelines, food and pharmaceutical processing surfaces and lines, dental water unit lines and medical prosthetic devices.
1.2 Biofilm formation may lead to reduced heat transfer in cooling towers, decreased fluid flow in pipelines, corrosion of metal surfaces, spoilage of food and pharmaceutical products, and infection in humans. The adverse impact of biofilm growth has led to the need for chemical or physical treatments for controlling them. This may involve preventing biofilm formation, inactivating microbes in biofilms and removing biofilms.
1.3 Since biofilms may form in many different types of systems, no one method can be presented that evaluates all the factors affecting biofilm control; therefore, many methods are presented for forming biofilms. Detecting and measuring biofilms and microorganisms within biofilms are important in evaluating control procedures. Many procedures are listed and referenced for measurement of microorganisms in biofilms and biofilm mass and activity.
1.4 The purpose of this guide is to inform the investigator of methods that can be used for biofilm formation and measurement, allowing development of test procedures for determining the effectiveness of chemical treatments for prevention, inactivation, and removal of unwanted biofilm. This guide is a teaching tool that will help the researcher in planning studies for controlling biofilms. This guide is not an exhaustive survey of biofilm methods. It is recommended that the researcher consult the latest information on biofilm methods from the published scientific literature and from appropriate internet sites, using biofilm as the keyword.
1.5 Discussions of various methods for evaluating efficacy of potential control materials against microorganisms in solution are available.
| SDO | ASTM: ASTM International |
| Document Number | E1427 |
| Publication Date | Oct. 10, 2000 |
| Language | en - English |
| Page Count | 6 |
| Revision Level | 00 |
| Supercedes | |
| Committee | E35.15 |
Please enter your email address to continue ...
Have an account?
IMPORTANT - READ CAREFULLY BEFORE DOWNLOADING OR COPYING TO YOUR COMPUTER ANY FILE(S) CONTAINED HEREWITH.
BY ACCESSING THE PRODUCT, YOU ACKNOWLEDGE THAT YOU HAVE READ THE TERMS OF THIS LICENSE AGREEMENT AND AGREE TO BE BOUND BY ITS TERMS.
We're glad to see you again! Please enter your email and password to continue
Need an account?
Register for an account to join our community! Gain access to exclusive content, participate in discussions, and stay updated on the latest news.
Have an account?
Forgot your password? No worries! Please enter your email to reset your password. If your email exists in our system, you will receive a password reset link.
Have an account?
We've sent an email to reset your password if an account with that email exists. Please check your inbox and follow the instructions in the email. If you don't see the email, please check your spam folder.
Please read these terms of service ("terms", "terms of service") carefully before using Document-Center/Nimonik website (the "service") operated by Nimonik ("us", 'we", "our").
We will provide their services to you, which are subject to the conditions stated below in this document. Every time you visit this website, use its services or make a purchase, you accept the following conditions. This is why we urge you to read them carefully.
Before you continue using our website we advise you to read our Privacy Policy regarding our user data collection. It will help you better understand our practices.
Content published on this website (digital downloads, images, texts, graphics, logos) is the property of Nimonik and/or its respective licensors and protected by international copyright laws. The entire compilation of the content found on this website is the exclusive property of Nimonik and its respective licensors, with copyright authorship for this compilation by Nimonik and its respective licensors.
The entire communication with us is electronic. Every time you send us an email or visit our website, you are going to be communicating with us. You hereby consent to receive communications from us. If you subscribe to the news on our website, you are going to receive regular emails from us. We will continue to communicate with you by posting news and notices on our website and by sending you emails. You also agree that all notices, disclosures, agreements and other communications we provide to you electronically meet the legal requirements that such communications be in writing.
This privacy policy will explain how our organization uses the personal data we collect from you when you use our website.
Topics:
Our Company collects the following data:
Your data protection rights:
We have sent a verification email to you. Please check your inbox and follow the instructions in the email to verify your account. If you don't see the email, please check your spam folder.
We use cookies to enhance your browsing experience and analyze our traffic. By clicking "Accept All", you consent to our use of cookies.
These cookies are always on, as they're essential for making this website work, and making it safe. Without these cookies, services you've asked for can't be provided.
Remembers your cookie preferences and consent choices. Required for GDPR compliance. Duration: 1 year. Purpose: Legal Compliance
Protects against Cross-Site Request Forgery attacks. Required for form submissions and security. Duration: Session (expires when browser closes). Purpose: Security
Maintains your login session and authentication state. Essential for security and user experience. Duration: Session (expires when browser closes). Purpose: Authentication
These cookies help us analyse how many people are using this website, where they come from and how they're using it. If you opt out of these cookies, we can't get feedback to make this website better for you and all our users.
Google Analytics 4 cookie that maintains session state and tracks page views within a session. Duration: 2 years. Purpose: Website Analytics
Domain: localhostGoogle Analytics cookie that distinguishes unique users by assigning a randomly generated number as a client identifier. Duration: 2 years. Purpose: Website Analytics
Domain: localhostYou have been redirected from document-center.com to our new store, run by the same great Document Center team.
If you had a Document Center account, please check your email for instructions from standards@nimonik.com to reset your password with us.
For any questions or assistance, visit our Support Portal or email us at standards@nimonik.com